Stress and performance

Your stress level and ability to perform are intricately linked. If you are not sufficiently engaged, it can be hard to focus or motivate yourself. If you get too stressed, you get the problems of too much sympathetic input, including physical tension, feelings of anxiety or difficulty finding facts.
 
You can read more about this in my article for the Bulletin of the RCS (Engl.), and find an overview of related resources, below. 

These resources are a collection that I have found useful, or that have been personally recommended by others. I would love your feedback on anything that works for you, or doesn't; anything missing or not addressed, so that I can make them as accurate, and pertinent to others, as possible. Thank you. 
Your stress level (or ‘physiological arousal’) and ability to perform a task, are linked.

If you are not sufficiently engaged, it can be hard to focus or motivate yourself. If you get too stressed or anxious, you get the problems of too much sympathetic input. Physically you may feel tense, have a tremor or get very tired at the end of the day; emotionally, you may feel fearful or frustrated and, cognitively, you may struggle to access balanced executive judgement and facts.[1]

Multiple factors feed into our stress levels and consequent arousal: what happens to or around us (which I will refer to as ‘environmental' factors); how we interpret what happens to or around us (which I will refer to as ‘psychological' factors), and physiological considerations, such as fatigue or hunger.

We are always somewhere on a spectrum from relaxed to stressed, and we can alter our position on that spectrum through tweaking these factors. If we want to get more focussed from point a) we can increase stressors, and if we want to get less stressed from point b) we can decrease stressors or increase relaxing signals.[2]

Figure 1 [from 2]: A representation of the Yerkes-Dodson curve, comparing performance to physiological arousal.[3] Here, point a) represents a point of under-arousal where you might be struggling to focus, and point b) represents a point of over-arousal, where you might feel tense, stressed or struggle to remember facts.

[1] Hotton MT, Miller R and JKK Chan. Bulletin RCS Engl. 2018;101(1):20-26
[2] Cooper L. Bulletin RCS Engl. 2025;107(1), published online 19/12/24
[3] Yerkes RM and JD Dodson. Harvard Psychological Laboratory, 1908  

Interpreting your autonomic state

In order to be able to consciously regulate yourself, you need to be able to work out where you are in the first place on the autonomic spectrum. There are different ways that you can do this, on your own, or using technology to help you.

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Increasing stress

You’re feeling bored, unmotivated or struggling to focus, at point a). How could you enhance your physiology, psychology or environment to increase your physiological arousal to support your performance?

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Reducing stress

You’re feeling too stressed, overwhelmed or anxious, at point b). How do you reduce your physiological arousal, through reducing your experience of stress, so that you can focus on what you’re doing?

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Increasing relaxation

You’re feeling too stressed, overwhelmed or anxious, at point b). How do you reduce your arousal through increasing your parasympathetic cues, so that you can focus on what you’re doing?

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